Snakes in Colorado: A Guide to Identification and Safety (2023)

Colorado is home to a wide variety of snakes, making it an interesting and diverse destination for reptile enthusiasts. Whether you’re a seasoned snake enthusiast or just curious about the slithering creatures, this guide to snakes in Colorado will provide you with the information you need to identify and stay safe around these fascinating animals.

From the venomous rattlesnakes to the harmless gartersnakes, Colorado offers a range of snake species that inhabit different habitats and have unique characteristics. By understanding the different types of snakes in Colorado, you can appreciate and respect these creatures while ensuring your safety in their natural environment. So, let’s delve into the world of snakes in Colorado and learn all about their identification and safety.

Common Snakes in Colorado

Colorado is home to a variety of snake species, some of which are venomous and others that are harmless. Understanding the different types of snakes in Colorado can help you identify them and know how to stay safe when encountering them in the wild.

Here are some of the most common snakes you may come across in Colorado:

• Rattlesnakes: These are venomous snakes that have a distinct rattling sound when they feel threatened. They are typically found in rocky areas and open grasslands.
• Bullsnakes: Bullsnakes are non-venomous snakes that can mimic the appearance and behavior of rattlesnakes. They are often mistaken for rattlesnakes but pose no threat to humans.
• Gartersnakes: Gartersnakes are another common snake species in Colorado. They are non-venomous and can be found near bodies of water.
• Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes: These gartersnakes are a subspecies found in western Colorado. They are commonly found in grasslands and shrub habitats.
• Hog-nosed Snakes: Hog-nosed snakes are non-venomous and have a unique appearance with an upturned snout. They are typically found in sandy or loose soil areas.
• Milk Snakes: Milk snakes are non-venomous and have colorful bands on their bodies. They are often mistaken for coral snakes, but they are harmless to humans.
• Ring-necked Snakes: These small snakes are non-venomous and have distinctive neck bands. They can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests and grasslands.

It’s important to remember that while most snakes in Colorado are harmless, it’s always best to observe them from a distance and not attempt to handle or provoke them. If you encounter a snake in the wild, give it space and allow it to move away on its own.

By familiarizing yourself with the common snakes in Colorado, you can better appreciate and coexist with these fascinating creatures in their natural habitat.

Venomous Snakes in Colorado

Colorado is home to several species of venomous snakes. While encountering a venomous snake is rare, it’s important to be able to identify them and know how to stay safe in their presence.

One of the most common venomous snakes in Colorado is the Western Diamondback Rattlesnake. Easily recognizable by its distinctive diamond-shaped head and rattling tail, the Western Diamondback Rattlesnake can be found in various habitats across the state. It is important to give them a wide berth and avoid provoking them.

Another venomous snake found in Colorado is the Prairie Rattlesnake. Prairie Rattlesnakes have a brown or greenish-brown coloration with dark blotches along their bodies. They are commonly found in grasslands and open habitats, where they feed on small mammals.

Colorado is also home to the Massasauga Rattlesnake. This species is relatively small, with a length of around 2 to 3 feet. It has a gray-brown coloration with dark blotches and a distinct rattle at the end of its tail.

It’s important to remember that venomous snakes play a vital role in the ecosystem and should be respected from a distance. If you encounter a venomous snake, it’s best to slowly and calmly move away from it without making sudden movements or loud noises that could startle the snake.

If you are bitten by a venomous snake, seek immediate medical attention. Do not try to handle or capture the snake for identification purposes, as this can increase the risk of further injury.

For your safety, it’s also a good idea to familiarize yourself with the snake bite protocols provided by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment.

Non-Venomous Snakes in Colorado

While Colorado is home to several species of venomous snakes, there are also numerous non-venomous snakes that reside in the state. These snakes play an important role in the ecosystem and pose no threat to humans. Here are some of the non-venomous snakes you may encounter in Colorado:

• Bullsnakes: Bullsnakes are one of the most common non-venomous snakes in Colorado. They are large and can grow up to 6 feet in length. Bullsnakes are known for their ability to mimic the rattle sound of a rattlesnake, which can be startling but harmless.
• Gartersnakes: Gartersnakes are another common non-venomous snake species in Colorado. They are smaller in size, typically ranging from 2 to 3 feet long. Gartersnakes can be found near water sources, such as rivers, lakes, and ponds.
• Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes: This subspecies of gartersnake is specifically found in the western part of Colorado. They have distinct yellow or orange stripes running down their bodies and are excellent swimmers.
• Hog-nosed Snakes: Hog-nosed snakes are characterized by their upturned snout, which gives them their name. They are non-venomous and play an important role in controlling rodent populations. Hog-nosed snakes are known for their defensive behaviors, including playing dead and hissing.
• Milk Snakes: Milk snakes are colorful snakes that often have red, black, and yellow bands. They are harmless and are often mistaken for venomous coral snakes due to their similar coloration. Milk snakes are beneficial to have around as they help to control rodent populations.
• Ring-necked Snakes: Ring-necked snakes get their name from the yellow or orange ring around their neck. They are small and usually range from 10 to 15 inches in length. Ring-necked snakes are mostly nocturnal and feed on small prey like insects and earthworms.

Remember, even though these snakes are non-venomous, it’s important to give them their space and not attempt to handle or disturb them. Observing these snakes from a safe distance can be an interesting experience and help you appreciate the diverse wildlife in Colorado.

Rattlesnakes

Rattlesnakes are a type of venomous snake that can be found in various parts of Colorado. They are known for their distinctive rattle, which consists of interlocking segments at the end of their tails. This rattle serves as a warning to potential threats, as rattlesnakes will shake their tails to produce a loud rattling sound when they feel threatened.

There are several species of rattlesnakes found in Colorado, including the Western Diamondback Rattlesnake, the Prairie Rattlesnake, and the Massasauga Rattlesnake. These snakes have different patterns, colors, and sizes, but they all possess venomous fangs and should be treated with caution.

Rattlesnake bites can be dangerous and potentially life-threatening. If you encounter a rattlesnake, it is important to keep a safe distance and avoid provoking it. Do not attempt to handle or kill the snake, as this increases the risk of getting bitten.

If you are bitten by a rattlesnake, seek immediate medical attention. Do not attempt any home remedies or “snakebite kits” as they are ineffective and can worsen the situation. Stay calm and try to keep the affected limb immobilized and at or below heart level to slow the spread of venom.

To minimize the risk of encountering rattlesnakes, it is advisable to stay on designated trails when hiking and to be aware of your surroundings. Keep an eye out for signs, such as shed snake skins or rattling sounds, that may indicate the presence of rattlesnakes in the area.

Remember, rattlesnakes are an important part of Colorado’s ecosystem and should be respected and admired from a safe distance. By learning how to identify and safely interact with these snakes, you can enjoy Colorado’s beautiful nature while minimizing the risk of snake encounters.

Bullsnakes

Bullsnakes, also known as gopher snakes, are one of the most common non-venomous snakes found in Colorado. They are large, robust snakes that can grow up to 6 feet in length. Bullsnakes have a distinct pattern of dark brown or black blotches on a yellow or tan background, giving them a unique and striking appearance.

These snakes are often found in grasslands, shrublands, and open woodlands, where they feed on rodents, birds, and small mammals. Bullsnakes are constrictors, meaning they subdue their prey by coiling their bodies around them and suffocating them.

Although bullsnakes are not venomous, they can still bite if they feel threatened. It’s important to remember that these snakes are not aggressive and will usually try to avoid confrontation. If you encounter a bullsnake in the wild, it’s best to give it space and observe from a safe distance.

It’s also worth noting that bullsnakes are beneficial to the ecosystem, as they help control rodent populations. As such, they play an important role in maintaining the balance of their natural habitats.

Overall, bullsnakes are fascinating creatures that are commonly found in Colorado. By understanding and appreciating these snakes, we can coexist with them in harmony while enjoying the beauty of the natural world.

Gartersnakes

Gartersnakes are a common type of non-venomous snake found in Colorado. They are known for their distinctive striped patterns, which vary in color and intensity depending on the species and individual. Gartersnakes can range in size from one to four feet long.

These snakes are often found near water sources such as streams, ponds, and marshes, as they are excellent swimmers. They are also known to inhabit grassy areas and woodlands. Gartersnakes are active during the day and are generally docile, making them a common sight for hikers and outdoor enthusiasts.

Gartersnakes primarily feed on small prey such as frogs, toads, fish, and insects. They have a voracious appetite and are skilled hunters, using their quick reflexes and sharp teeth to capture their prey. While gartersnakes are not venomous, they may bite if they feel threatened, but their bite is harmless to humans.

One interesting behavior of gartersnakes is their ability to release a foul-smelling odor when threatened. This serves as a defense mechanism to deter predators. Gartersnakes may also vibrate their tails or flatten their bodies to appear larger when they feel threatened.

It is important to treat gartersnakes with respect and caution when encountered in the wild. Avoid handling or disturbing them to minimize stress and potential bites. Remember that gartersnakes play a vital role in the ecosystem by controlling populations of small animals, so it is best to observe them from a safe distance.

Overall, gartersnakes are a fascinating and harmless species of snake found in Colorado. Their vibrant colors and active nature make them a delight to encounter in their natural habitats.

Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes

Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes are a common species of gartersnake found in Colorado. They are non-venomous and play an important role in controlling rodent populations.

These snakes can be identified by their slender bodies, which are typically brown or olive in color. They have three yellowish stripes running down their back, with the middle stripe being the most prominent. Additionally, they have a red or orange stripe along each side of their body.

Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes are primarily active during the day and are often found near bodies of water such as streams, ponds, and marshes. They are excellent swimmers and can occasionally be seen basking in the sun on rocks or logs near the water’s edge.

Although Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes are not venomous, they will bite if they feel threatened. Their bites are generally harmless to humans and may only result in minor pain or discomfort. If you encounter a Western Terrestrial Gartersnake, it is best to observe it from a safe distance and avoid any unnecessary handling.

These snakes primarily feed on small vertebrates, such as frogs, tadpoles, fish, and small mammals. They will also eat insects and other invertebrates when necessary. Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes are important predators in their ecosystems and help to maintain a balance in the food chain.

It is important to respect the natural habitats of Western Terrestrial Gartersnakes and other snakes in Colorado. If you come across one while hiking or exploring, give it plenty of space and do not disturb or harm it. Snakes are an important part of the ecosystem and play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity.

Hog-nosed Snakes

Hog-nosed snakes are a unique and fascinating species found in Colorado. They are known for their distinctive upturned snouts, which resemble the snout of a hog, hence the name. These snakes are non-venomous and are harmless to humans.

Hog-nosed snakes have a wide range of colors and patterns, including shades of brown, gray, and black. They often have blotches or stripes that can help camouflage them in their natural habitats.

One of the most interesting behaviors of hog-nosed snakes is their defensive mechanism. When threatened, they will flatten their necks, hiss loudly, and even play dead. They may also strike with their mouths closed, mimicking the behavior of venomous snakes to intimidate predators.

Hog-nosed snakes primarily feed on amphibians, such as frogs and toads, although they may also consume small mammals and reptiles. They have specialized adaptations, including enlarged rear fangs and a resistance to the toxins produced by some toads, which allows them to safely consume their prey.

These snakes are typically found in grasslands, prairies, and open woodlands. They prefer areas with loose soil or sand, as they are skilled burrowers. Hog-nosed snakes are most active during the day, especially in the spring and fall when temperatures are moderate.

If you encounter a hog-nosed snake in the wild, it is important to observe them from a safe distance and avoid handling them. As with all wildlife, it is best to appreciate them from afar and respect their natural behaviors.

Milk Snakes

Milk snakes are a non-venomous species of snake that can be found in Colorado. They are part of the Colubridae family and are known for their vibrant and distinctive color patterns, which resemble those of the venomous coral snake.

Despite their striking resemblance, milk snakes are harmless and pose no threat to humans. They are docile by nature and are often kept as pets due to their beautiful appearance and easy care requirements.

Milk snakes can grow to be around 2 to 4 feet long and have a slender body shape. They have smooth scales and their color patterns can vary, but they typically have a tri-colored pattern of red, black, and yellow or white bands.

In the wild, milk snakes can be found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas. They are often found hiding under rocks, logs, or other debris during the day and become more active at night when they hunt for small mammals, birds, and reptiles.

If you encounter a milk snake in the wild, it is best to observe it from a safe distance and not attempt to handle or disturb it. Although they are not venomous, they may bite if they feel threatened or cornered.

Overall, milk snakes are a fascinating and harmless species that contribute to the biodiversity of Colorado’s ecosystem. If you come across one, take a moment to appreciate its beauty and remember to respect wildlife from a safe distance.

Ring-necked Snakes

Ring-necked snakes are a common snake species found in Colorado. They are small snakes, typically measuring between 10 to 15 inches in length. These snakes get their name from the yellow or orange ring around their neck, which is more visible when they are disturbed or feel threatened.

Ring-necked snakes have smooth and shiny scales, with a black or dark gray color on their backs. They also have a bright yellow or orange belly. This coloration serves as a warning sign to predators that they are venomous, although their venom is not harmful to humans.

These snakes are primarily nocturnal, which means they are most active during the night. They are often found in wooded areas, grasslands, and near bodies of water. Ring-necked snakes are not commonly encountered by humans but may be observed in gardens, parks, and natural areas.

Ring-necked snakes primarily feed on small prey such as insects, earthworms, slugs, and small amphibians. They have a unique hunting behavior in which they subdue their prey by using their small teeth and then swallowing it whole.

When it comes to safety, it’s important to remember that ring-necked snakes are harmless to humans. They are non-venomous and pose no significant threat. If you come across a ring-necked snake, it is best to observe it from a distance and avoid interfering with its natural habitat.

In conclusion, ring-necked snakes are a fascinating snake species found in Colorado. Their distinct appearance, including the ring around their neck, sets them apart from other snake species. However, it’s important to remember that they are harmless and play a valuable role in the local ecosystem.

Conclusion

Snakes can be found in various habitats throughout Colorado, and it’s important to be able to identify and understand the potential dangers associated with certain species. While some snakes in Colorado are venomous, such as rattlesnakes, others are harmless and even beneficial to the ecosystem.

By familiarizing yourself with the common snakes in Colorado and knowing how to identify venomous species, you can take proper precautions to ensure your safety while enjoying outdoor activities. Remember to always give snakes their space, avoid handling them, and seek medical attention immediately if you are bitten by a venomous snake. With knowledge and respect for these fascinating creatures, you can coexist with them in harmony in the beautiful landscapes of Colorado.